Week 17 (FYP 1)

PREPARING FOR FINAL EXAM

This week I will not update my progress report because I want to focus on my final exam. But this does not make me think that FYP 1 is over because FYP 2 gives me more challenges I need to make  this project successful and at the same time I will make this project run as usual. I hope you all can be patient to wait for me to update my report on the next semester.

Thanks for not being tired of dropping into my blog and reading some info useful to you all. Until we meet again in the next semester,☺☺..

Week 16 (FYP 1)

FYP1 PRESENTATION ON WEEK 15

PRESENTATION DAY

             Date: 22th November 2017
Time: 2.30 - 5.30pm

                          Venue: Gemilang Hall, UnikL BMI

Assalamualaikum and hi uols, today is the day when all the candidates are waiting for Final Year Project 1. All candidates of FYP 1 were having the project Proposal Presentation and have been assessed by the given assessors. Before that, all candidates are required to attend 30 minutes early in order to do all setting setup things to give the best performance to access later. However, all candidate need to follow the procedure that have been given then they can start the presentation later. Below are assessors for my Project Proposal Presentation.

After I done the presentation about "THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR FOR HOME APPLIANCE",  overall the presentation are going well both of the slide presentation and performance. But, there is some error that I need to re a do again. The advises from my assessor is the objective must do some correction and  objective must be same with the conclusion for the overall project. For my explanation of the running project are very well and can be understood. 

Lastly I want to say thank you to my assessors and especially to my supervisor Sir Shamsul Adlan.☺☺☺☺... Till we meet again in my next updated blog. 

Week 15 (FYP 1)

PREPARING FOR FYP 1 PRESENTATION

Hai you all, I'm here to update my blog. After done the research and get all finding, so now it's time to conclude all the FYP 1 schedule by preparing the slide presentation that be held on next week on 22th Nov 2017. In this time, I was preparing the slides based on the understanding about this project "The Development of Gas Leakage Detector for Home Appliance"..

Week 14 (FYP 1)

Journal 3

Today I will share some knowledge in journal 3, about the history of gas leak detector, who was use the first gas detector  and function, and the world first gas detector company?

History of gas leak detector.

Gas leak detection methods became a concern after the effects of harmful gasses on human health were discovered. Before modern electronics sensors, aerly detection methods relied on less precise detectors. Through the 19th and early 20th centuries, coal miners would bring canaries down to the tunnels with them as an early detection system against life-threatening gasses such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane. 

Who was use the first gas detector and function?

The first gas detector in the industrial age was The flame Safety Lamp (or Davey's Lamp) was invented by Sir Humphry Davey (of England) in 1815 to detect the presence of Methane (Firedamp) in underground coal mines. The Flame Safety Lamp consisted of an oil flame adjusted to specific height in fresh air. To prevent ignition with the lamps flames height varied depending on the sleeve with a mesh flame arrestor. The flames height varied depending on the presence of Methane (higher) or the lack of Oxygen (lower). To this day, in certain parts of the world Flame Safety Lamps are still in service. 

The worlds first gas detector company?

The worlds first gas detection company is Johnson-Williams Instruments (or J-W Instruments) was formed in 1928 in Palo Alto, CA by Dr. Oliver  Johnson and Phil Williams. J-W Instruments is organized as the first electronics company in Silicon Valley over the next 40 years J-W Instruments pioneered many "firsts" in the moderm age of gas detection, including making instruments smaller and more portable, development of a portable Oxygen detector as well as the first combination instrument that could detect both combustible gases/vapors as well as Oxygen. 

 Credit to: Akshay and Ashwin (July 2017) "Gas Leak detector using Arduino UNO Microcontroller. 

I hope you guys can get some information about this journal and hope you all can enjoy this video later. Have a nice day :) :) 

Week 13 (FYP 1)

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Journal 3

Today I want to share to all of you about sensor. What is gas sensor MQ-5, MQ-5 sensor pin diagram and working principle of gas sensor MQ-5.

What is gas sensor MQ-5?

The Grove - Gas Sensor (MQ-5) module is useful for gas leakage detection (in home and industry). It is suitable for detecting H2, LPG, CH4, CO, and Alcohol. Due its high sensitivity and fast response time, measurements can be taken as soon as possible. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by using the potentiometer.  

MQ-5 sensor pin diagram

Working principle of gas sensor MQ-5 

This sensor has a sensitive filament made of SnO2. In this presenceof clean air, this filament tends to have lower electrical conductivity. When a combustible gas such as LPG is introduced, the filament's conductivity rises, and the amount of change in it's conductance/resistance can be used to indicate the equivalent gas concentration. This effect tends to be particularly pronounced at higher temperatures, and resisitive heating element is present as well. SnO2 is particularly sensitive to Methane, Butane and Propane, but also sensitive to other combustible gases as well.  

Credit to: Akshay and Ashwin (July 2017) "Gas Leakage Detector using Arduino UNO Microcontroller". 

I hope after reading what have I been share, you guys can get more input about it. TQ for reading my blog and have a nice day =) =)

Week 12 (FYP 1)

FINAL BRIEFING FOR  FINAL YEAR PROJECT 

The last briefing was conducted at usual place, TTL 1 and the attandance for FYP 1 is compulsory. The briefing was conducted by Dr. Zulhilmi Mustafa.

                 Date: 25th October 2017
Venue: TTL 1
      Time: 3pm - 5pm

     

The briefing is about:

• Progress Report
• Proposal Presentation
• Proposal Report

Progress report should be decide, whether want to use logbook or blog. My supervisor prefer me to use blog because it easier for her to see my progress report anytime. 

In Proposal Presentation, student should follow the format in preparing slide. Make sure all important point are in the slide according to the marking scheme. Student should wear proper attire during presentation day. 

Proposal Report will consists of contents, abstract, preliminary result, conclusion and references. 

Student should follow all thing that have been brief in FYP briefing to avoid any problem during presentation day and during submitting progress and proposal report. 

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Journal 3

Today, i will share some information about LPG gas in journal 3, which is what is LPG gas and history of cylinders. 

What is LPG gas?

Liquified petroleum gas or liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LPG Gas), also referred to as simply propane or butane, are flammable mixtures of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking equipment and vehicles. 

History of cylinders

LPG cylinders have been develop over time and their heritage can be seen in the various generations.

The first generation of cylinders were introduced between 1870-1880, to store liquid carbon dioxide for industrial gas business. They were long steel tubes without handles and very hard to handle. Later on, the second generation was introduced to bridge some gaps in the first one. They were also made from steel, but with a handle, shorter but wider and the shape has been refined. This generation of cylinder is the most popular and is known as the "traditional" cylinder. 

The third generation cylinders improved upon type II, using plastic for coating the metal exterior allowing the exterior to be customized. However, these cylinders continues to have the same drawbacks as Generation I and II. Generation IV cylinders are the latest on the market. They were developed with aerospace technology and represent a real advance in technology, that otherwise has effectively remained unchanged over 75 years. 

Credit to: Akshay and Ashwin (July 2017) "Gas Leak Detector using Arduino UNO Microcontroller"

I hope after reading this, you guys can get more input about it. TQ for reading and enjoy the video. 

VIDEO 

Week 11 (FYP 1)

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Journal 3

Today I will share some knowledge in journal 3, about Arduino UNO Microcontroller. Whats is Arduino UNO, how does Arduino UNO work. In this journal the researchers was use one of the components to make this system successful. 


What is Arduino UNO Microcontroller?

The Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillators, a USB connection, a power jack an ICSP header and a reste button. Arduino is an open- source platform used for building electronics projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board. 


How does Arduino UNO work?

The code you write for the Arduino is executed by this controller. And it is directly connected to the I/O pins. The controller is programmed via the TX, RX pins connected to the USB to serial controller and contains bootloader code. It can also be programmed directly via the ICSP pins.

 Credit to: Akshay and Ashwin (July 2017) "Gas Leak detector using Arduino UNO Microcontroller. 

I hope you guys can get some input about this journal and hope you all can enjoy this video later. Have a nice day :) :) 

VIDEO 

Week 10 (FYP 1)

4th BRIEFING FINAL YEAR PROJECT


Today is the 10th week for this FYP 1. The briefing was conducted as usual place in TTL 1 and the attendance for all FYP 1 students are compulsory. The briefing was conducted by  Dr. Mohammed Reyasudin Basir Khan.

                 Date: 13th October 2017
Venue: TTL 1

      Time: 3pm - 5pm.

This workshop is about Abstract/ Executive summary and Proposal Defense.

We have be brief about how to write abstract in the proposal report.

• Should not exceed 250 words.
• Avoid using jargon.
• Do not repeat idea.
• Use short & direct sentences.
• Use correct tenses.

I have also learn something about proposal defense.

Presentation to assessor :

• Give the assessor a sense of what your idea.
• Make them want to know more about your project.
• Get feedback on your work.

While preparing slide :

• In bullet point.
• Emphasize the important parts.
• No grammatical mistakes.
• Make sure pictures and images enhance your presentation.

This week I have gain more knowledge about how to write Abstract/Executive summary and Proposal defense. I hope this will help me to prepare for week 14 and I will practice it later. Soon, I will update for more detail about my progress report.  ^^,

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Journal 2 

Hai you all...sorry for the late update my blog.... Today I want to share to all of you about history of ATMEGA 16 and pin diagram of ATMEGA 16.

History of ATMEGA 16.

AVR is a family of micro controllers developed by Atmel beginning in 1996. These are modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single-chip micro controllers. AVR was one of the first micro controller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by the other micro controllers at the time. 

AVR micro controllers find many applications as embedded systems, they are also used in the Arduino line of open source board designs.  ATmega16 is an 8-bit high performance micro controller of Atmel's MEGA AVR family with low power consumption. Atmega16 is baesd on enhanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) architecture with 131 powerful instruction. It has a 16KB programmable flash memory, static RAM of 1KB  and EEPROM of 512 Bytes. The endurance cycle of flash memory and EEPROM is 10,000 and 100,000 respectively. Most of the execute in one machine cycle. It can work on a maximum frequency of 16MHz.  

Pin diagram of ATMEGA 16

Credits to: Ankit, Babalu, Atul amd Ameer (April - June 2015) "Microcontroller based LPG Gas Leakage Detector using GSM Module". 

That's all for today, I hope you guys can get more input about it. Thank you for take some time to reading my blog.....  Till we meet again in my next update blog and see ya =) =)

VIDEO 

Week 9 (FYP 1)

DESIGN PROJECT HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

This week I have been meet with co-supervisor, Prof. Zulkifli to discuss about project design and software. Considering with my project tittle which is Gas Leakage detector, Prof Zulkifli suggest to do about LPG Gas. For project hardware, Prof Zulkifli also tell me about Nodemcu LPG Gas Sensor. He ask me to study about nodemcu and LPG Gas sensor because it more easier for me to understand what to do in next step.  Besides thats, for my FYP project, Prof Zulkifli also tell me there is no a simulation. 

PROJECT HARDWARE

I have purchased some equipment handled by my co- supervisor to buy which I would like to use in this project. Tools are not too expensive to buy and are easy to find. Here , I want to attach some information about this equipment. 


1.  MQ-6 LPG Gas Sensor

                                                           MQ 6 LPG Gas Sensor

Product Description:

The MQ-6 gas sensor uses a gas sensitive material with a lower conductivity of two tin oxides (SnO2) in clean air. When the combustible gas exists in the sensor, the conductivity of the sensor increases with the increase of the concentration of flammable gas in the air. A simple circuit is used to convert the electrical conductivity into an output signal corresponding to the gas concentration. MQ-6 gas sensors have high sensitivity to propane, butane and liquefied petroleum gas, and have better sensitivity to natural gas. The sensor, which detects a wide range of flammable gases, is a low-cost sensor for a wide variety of applications.

Module features:

·        It adopts high quality double panel design, with power indication and TTL signal output indication;

·         It has DO switch signal (TTL) output and AO analog signal output;

·   The TTL output valid signal is low. When the output is low, the signal light is on, and the microcontroller or relay module can be directly connected

·         Analog output 0~5V voltage, the higher the concentration, the higher the voltage.

·         The sensitivity of propane, butane, LPG and LNG detection is better.

·         There are four screw holes for easy positioning;

·         Product size: 32*20*22mm

·         With long service life and reliable stability

·         Fast response recovery feature

Product parameter:

·         Product type: semiconductor gas sensor

·         Standard packaging: Black Bakelite

·         Test gases: liquefied petroleum gas, isobutene, propane, LPG

·         Detection concentration: 300-10000ppm

·         Loop voltage: ≤24V DC

·         Heating voltage: 5.0±0.2V AC/DC

·         Heating resistance: 31Ω±3Ω

·         Heating power: ≤900mW

·         Sensitive body surface resistance: 2KΩ-20KΩ（in 2000ppm C3H8）

·         Sensitivity: Rs (in air) /Rs (1000ppm isobutene) ≥5

·         The concentration gradient:≤0.6

·         Temperature and humidity: 20±2℃，65%±5%RH.

2. NodeMCU

                                                     

NodeMCU

Features:
ESP8266 full IO mouth leads directly download without reset.
A great set of tools for the development of ESP8266.

Specification:
Chip Module: CP2102
Working temperature: -40 ℃ ~ + 125 ℃
Power input: 4.5V ~ 9V (10VMAX), USB-powered
Current: continuous transmission: approx. 70mA (200mA MAX), Standby: <200uA
Size: approx. 45 x 25 x 6mm/1.77 x 0.98 x 0.23''
Weight: approx. 6g

VIDEO

Week 8 (FYP 1)

3rd BRIEFING OF FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Today is the 8th week for this FYP 1. The briefing was conduct in TTL 1 and the attandance of all  FYP 1 students are compulsary. The briefing was conducted by Dr Imran Bin Mohammad Sofi and Sir Zul Hilmi.  

                   Date : 27 September 2017

Venue : TTL 1

     Time : 3pm - 5pm




LITERATURE REVIEW

Journal 2


Today I want to share some knowledge about exhaust fan. What is exhaust fan and how the exhaust fan work. 

What is exhaust fan?

A whole house fan is a type of fan, or exhaust system commonly venting into a building's attic, designed to circulate air in a home or building. It is sometimes confused with a powered attic ventilator, which exhausts hot air from the attic to the outside through an opening in the roof or gable at a low velocity.

How the exhaust fan work?

An exhaust fan system provides a number of benefits, including the purifying of air from pollution and excessive heat. Here's is about the operation of basic exhaust fan:

The Basic Procedure

Operating by electricity, the overall procedure involves an electric current that passes through the system to make the motor operate, and, in turn, this causes the fan’s blades to move.

The Blades’ Function

As the fan’s motor runs, the blades will start to turn. The rotation of the blades causes the hot air in the room to be pulled towards the fan and sort of absorbed. This hot air is released outside and in turn cooler and fresher air will start to fill the room. This flow of current will also reduce stagnation of air and is especially important and useful in rooms or areas that lack appropriate ventilation.

The Role of the Thermostat

Most exhaust fans feature a thermostat in their systems. This thermostat comes into play as soon as a certain relatively high temperature is reached inside the room or area. This will cause the exhaust fan to receive a signal. To put it simply, the motor will start running and the blades rotating so as to start working to regulate the temperature in the air until it becomes cooler.

The Fan’s Position

When one installs an exhaust fan, it is recommended that he or she places it as high up as possible. The closer it is to the ceiling, the better. This is because warm air rises upward, and hence, if the exhaust fan is lower down, it will miss a significant part of the hot air in the room and as a result it will not manage to operate as effectively. The more hot air reaches the exhaust fan the more it will be absorbed and eliminated from the room. Consequently, a fresher and cooler room will be achieved more quickly and more efficiently.

Credits to: Ankit, babalu, Atul and Ameer (April - June 2015) "Microcontroller based LPG Gas Leakage Detector Using GSM Module".


I hope after reading this, you guys can get more input about it. Thank you for reading my blog  :) :)

VIDEO 

Week 7 (FYP 1)

PROJECT TITLE CONFIRMATION

This week is my progress about information my project FYP in FYP UnikL BMI website after Sir Syamsul and Head of Section approved my proposal. The title of my project is development of Gas Leakage detector for Home Appliance. 

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Journal 2

Today, I will share some information LED (Light Emmitting Diode). The history of LED light, how the LED work and advantage of LED light. 

History of LED light. 

Light-emitting diode is an electric component that emits light when connected to direct current. It works on electromagnetism principle and can emit light in visible specter as well as in infrared and ultraviolet. They have characteristically low energy consumption, small size, longer lifetime and faster switching than incandescence lamps and because of that, they have a wide palette of applicability.

In 1907, British experimenter in Marconi labs Henry Joseph Round noticed for the first time that when a potential of 10volts is applied to carborundum (silicon carbide) crystal, it emits yellowish light. However, first to investigate it and to propose a working theory was Oleg Vladimirovich Losev from Russia. In 1927, Oleg published a paper “Luminous carborundum detector and detection effect and oscillations with crystals“.

For decades no progress was made for different reasons. Rubin Braunstein that worked at Radio Corporation of America, reported in 1955 that some simple diodes emit infrared light when connected to a current. In 1961, Gary Pittman and Bob Biard from Texas Instruments found that that gallium-arsenide diode emits infrared light every time it is connected to current. The same year they received patent for infrared LED. Nick Holonyak Jr., employed in General Electric, developed in 1962 first light-emitting diode that emitted light in the visible part of the frequency range. It was a red LED. In 1972, M. George Craford, who was a graduate student of Holonyak, invented the first yellow LED and a brighter red LED. Thomas P. Pearsall developed high brightness light-emitting diode in 1976, for use with fiber optics in telecommunications. Shuji Nakamura of Nichia Corporation made first blue LED in 1979 but it was too expensive for commercial use until 1994. Light emitting diodes can now be made in one or in more colors.

How the LED work?

An LED, or light-emitting diode, is a light source based on a semiconductor -  materials that are neither pure conductors nor insulators but have an electrical conductivity somewhere in between. When a voltage passes through the LED, electrons recombine with holes in the semiconductor, emitting light in the process. 

Advantage of LED

• Emit more light per watt that incandescent lamps
• Much smaller
•  On/off time is much shorter than of the other types of electric light sources (they are quick)
•  Lifetime is much longer and they are much more difficult to damage. 
• Flaws are high price per lumen.
•  High dependence of the outside temperature. 
• Easy overheating if the outside temperature is too high and there is no heat sink. 

Credits to: Ankit, Babalu, Atul and Ameer (April - June 2015)"Microcontroller based LPG Gas Leakage Detector Using GSM Module". 

I hope you guys can get some information about this journal and hope you all can enjoy this video later. Have a nice day :) :) 

VIDEO